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Zoloti Vorota ((ウクライナ語:Золотi ворота)) is the 29th〔 station of the Kiev Metro system that serves the Ukrainian capital Kiev. The station was opened as part of the first segment of the Syretsko-Pecherska Line on 31 December 1989. It serves as a transfer station to the Teatralna station of the Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska Line.〔 It is located near the city's Golden Gate, from which the station takes its name. The original design plans for the station called for a clean utilitarian structure typical of metro stations of that period. Due to the efforts of the city's chief architect Mykola Zharikov, the design was scrapped in favor of one that resembles an ancient Kievan Rus' temple by Borys Zhezherin, Vadym Zhezherin, and Zharikov himself.〔〔 Such a design was a particularly risky feat, since Ukraine was a part of the secular Soviet Union at the time of the station's construction. Vadym Zhezherin and Mykola Zharikov, among the other artists and architects of the station, were bestowed the State Prize of Ukraine in the Field of Architecture for their work in 1991. The Zoloti Vorota features 80 distinct mosaic pieces and images depicting the history of Kievan Rus'. In 2011, the station's mosaics were listed as "newly discovered objects of cultural heritage" by the city's Department of Cultural Heritage. The station is regarded as one of the most impressive metro stations in Europe, being placed on a list compiled by ''The Daily Telegraph'' in 2013. ==Construction== The initial plans for the future Syretsko-Pecherska Line called for a transfer station (named "Kominternivska")〔 to connect with the Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska Line at Universytet station. However, the short central hall at Universytet was inadequate for the high volume of passengers that a transfer station would be subject to, thus the station's future location was moved a few city blocks to coincide with a newly proposed station of the Sviatoshynsko-Brovarska Line.〔 This new station, called Teatralna, would be located in between the Khreshchatyk and Universytet stations, and would serve as a transfer to the future Zoloti Vorota station.〔 Although the Kominternivska station was never built, some of its architectural designs were preserved and used in the creation of the Teatralna station.〔 Construction for the Syretsko-Pecherska Line, the Kiev Metro system's third line, began on 23 February 1983.〔 It had a projected date of completion in 1986, although the line's opening was delayed until the end of 1989 due to the economic state of the Soviet Union at the time.〔 The line's first segment was officially opened on 31 December 1989, and consisted of three stations; Zoloti Vorota–Palats Sportu–Mechnikova (named Klovska today). Since its entrance is located on a hillside, two separate escalator tunnels had to be created, connected by an underground station vestibule.〔 The upper tunnel is long, while the lower tunnel is long. The vestibule was built in the same way as with other stations of the Kiev Metro system; it was first completed at ground level, and then lowered to its final location underground.〔 The vestibule is a tall monolithic dome with an approximately similar diameter.〔 The installation began in November 1987 and was completed by 1988, lowered at a pace of half a meter a day.〔 Since the construction took place in water-saturated soils, over 200 frozen wells had to be formed so it could be lowered to its proper location.〔 In addition, over of rock had to be removed to make way for the vestibule.〔 After it was finally installed, construction work began on the lower escalator tunnel. Due to a difficult hydrogeology, the tunnel was not completed by the station's grand opening and until 1 May 1990, it could only be reached with a transfer from the Teatralna station.〔 For several years, the Zoloti Vorota station served as the line's northern terminus.〔 Continued construction extended the line northwards to the Lukianivska station. In between the two stations, the Lvivska Brama station was built during the late 1990s; however, it has not been completed to this day. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zoloti Vorota (Kiev Metro)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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